What Causes Yeast Infections In Dogs

Yeast infections are common in dogs, particularly in areas like the ears, paws, and skin folds. These infections are usually caused by an overgrowth of Malassezia yeast, which naturally exists on the skin of healthy dogs but can become problematic when allowed to multiply unchecked.

What Are the Common Body Parts for Dog Yeast Infections?

• Ears

Yeast infections can cause dogs to scratch their ears frequently, sometimes accompanied by ear canal discharge or odor.

• Paws

Dogs with yeast infections may lick or chew their paws excessively and may have redness, swelling or flaking skin.

• Skin fold areas

Areas such as the neck, armpits, and groin are suitable for yeast growth as they tend to stay moist.

• Around the anus

Yeast can also cause infections around your dog's anus, leading to redness and itching of the skin.

• Mouth

Yeast infections may affect your dog's oral health, causing bad breath or inflammation of the mouth.

These areas provide a suitable warm, moist environment for yeast, which can easily lead to the development and spread of infections. 

What are the Symptoms of a Yeast Infection in Dogs?

• Changes in skin color and texture, which may appear pink or red in the early stages, and in chronic infections the skin may become rough, thick, and gray or black in color.
• Ear infections, the dog may shake or tilt its head frequently to alleviate discomfort.
• Scratching and rubbing, the dog may scratch the infected area or rub against furniture etc. because of the itchiness.
• Odor, yeast-infected skin and ears may emit a peculiar odor.
• Drooling, although rare, a yeast infection in the mouth may cause abnormal drooling and eating problems.
• Swelling and fever, which may occur at the site of the infection.
• Greasy skin, which may be accompanied by crusting, flaking, or dandruff.
• Itching, which is caused by a yeast infection is ineffective against allergy medication.
• Hair loss, which may occur in yeast-infected areas.
• Digestive symptoms, such as diarrhea. 

If your dog is experiencing one or more of these symptoms, it is recommended that he or she be taken to the veterinarian promptly for examination and treatment. Your veterinarian may recommend a skin scraping or other diagnostic tests to confirm the diagnosis and prescribe a treatment plan appropriate to the severity of the infection. 

What Causes Yeast Infections In Dogs

Environmental Factors

Warm, humid conditions promote the growth of yeast. Dogs living in humid climates or those that frequently get wet (e.g., from swimming or bathing) are more prone to yeast infections. Areas such as the ears, armpits, and between the toes are particularly vulnerable since they trap moisture and warmth.

Food Allergies and Intolerances

Allergies, especially to certain foods, can trigger yeast infections. Common culprits include grains, dairy, and proteins like chicken or beef. These allergies often cause inflammation in the skin, which in turn creates a favorable environment for yeast to grow. If a dog is scratching excessively or has recurring ear infections, a food allergy could be to blame.

Weakened Immune System

Dogs with weakened immune systems, due to illness or age, are more susceptible to yeast infections. When the immune system is compromised, it can’t keep the yeast population under control, allowing it to overgrow. Conditions like cancer, autoimmune diseases, and even long-term stress can reduce immune function and increase the risk of infection.

Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal issues like hypothyroidism or Cushing's disease can also lead to yeast infections. Hypothyroidism occurs when a dog’s thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough hormones, leading to skin changes and creating an ideal environment for yeast growth. Cushing’s disease, which involves excess production of cortisol, also weakens the skin’s defenses, allowing yeast to thrive.

Poor Grooming Habits

Inadequate grooming can lead to the buildup of moisture, dirt, and debris, which can encourage yeast infections. Dogs with long hair or thick coats are particularly at risk because their fur can trap moisture, especially in skin folds and between the toes. Regular cleaning and trimming can help prevent these issues.

Use of Antibiotics

Antibiotics are designed to kill harmful bacteria, but they can also destroy the good bacteria that help keep yeast under control. This disruption of the natural balance of microorganisms on the skin allows yeast to flourish. Dogs that have been on a course of antibiotics may be at an increased risk for developing a yeast infection afterward.

How to Treat Yeast Infection in Dogs?

Treatments for dog yeast infections usually include the following.

• Antifungal medications

Your veterinarian may prescribe oral antifungal medications, such as itraconazole, or topical medications, such as ointments and lotions, to help kill the fungus and reduce the symptoms of the infection. 

• Cleaning and disinfecting

Clean the infected skin area, using mild skin cleansers and antibacterial lotions, and thoroughly clean and disinfect your dog's living environment to prevent the spread of infection. 

• Contact Restrictions

Limit contact of infected dogs with other animals and people, paying special attention to personal hygiene and avoiding direct contact with infected areas. 

• Enhancement of immunity

Providing a nutritionally balanced diet, proper exercise and vitamin supplements to boost your dog's immunity will help speed up the recovery process. 

• Regular review

Take your dog to the veterinarian for regular follow-ups during the treatment period to ensure that the infection is clearing up and to adjust the treatment program as needed. 

• Topical Treatment

For yeast infections of the skin and paws, topical antifungal creams, wipes, sprays and shampoos may be used. 

• Ear Treatment

If the yeast infection occurs in the ear, your veterinarian may recommend antifungal drops or creams and oral antifungal medications in severe or difficult to treat cases. 

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When treating a yeast infection in dogs, follow your veterinarian's instructions closely and do not purchase or use medications on your own to avoid unnecessary health risks. Treatment can take a while, so patience and adherence to a treatment plan are crucial. 

Related: Home Remedies for Dogs Yeast Infections

How Should I Properly Treat My Dog's Ears When My Dog Has a Yeast Infection?

When a dog has a yeast infection, the steps for dealing with ear problems usually include the following.

• Clean the ear

First, probe into the ear canal using a hemostat gripped with cotton and wipe off any visible dirt, taking care that the wiping should be done from the inside out and not pushed in. After wiping clean, you can pour in the appropriate amount of ear washing liquid, massage the ear root to make the liquid fully integrated, and then wipe clean the dirt in the ear canal with cotton again. 

• Ear Hair Treatment

If your dog has ear hairs in the ear, you may need to anesthetize them with ear hair powder before pulling them out for better cleaning and treatment. 

• Use of Ear Drops

Ear drops placed into the ear canal can help eliminate lesions and inhibit fungus. Ear drops can be applied by gently pulling on your dog's ear and squeezing by pinching the root of the ear after a quick drop into the ear canal to help distribute the drops deeper into the ear canal. 

• Treatment and Care

Depending on your veterinarian's recommendations, treatment with specific antifungal medications may be necessary. In the meantime, you should avoid bathing your dog too often, keep the ears dry, and check them regularly for recovery. 

• Regular review

Even if the symptoms improve, you should follow your veterinarian's instructions for regular rechecks to ensure that the yeast infection is completely cured.

Be sure to follow your veterinarian's professional instructions when dealing with your dog's ear problems, and give your dog appropriate comfort and rewards during the treatment process.

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Conclusion

Yeast infections in dogs are often caused by a combination of environmental factors, immune system issues, and diet. Understanding the underlying causes is key to preventing and treating these infections. Regular grooming, a balanced diet, and prompt veterinary care can help keep yeast infections at bay and ensure your dog’s comfort and health.